First day without Mr. Schick

Page 152

-Main Idea 1- Power and authority
Rome began as a republic, a government in which elected officials represent the people. Eventually, absolute rulers called emperors seized power and expanded the empire.

-Main Idea 2- Empire building
At its height, the Roman Empire touched three continents-Europe, Asia, and Africa. For several centuries, Rome brought peace and prosperity to its empire before it eventually collapsed.

-Main idea 3- Religous and ethical systems
Out of Judea rose a monotheistic, or single-god, the religion known as Christianity. Based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, it soon spread throughout Rome and beyond.

Timeline-
509 B.C.- Rome becomes a republic
264 B.C.- First Punic war begins
218 B.C.- In the second Punic War Hannibal invades Italy
31 B.C.- Octavian defeats the forces of Antony and Cleopatra
284 A.D.- Diocletian becomes emperor of Rome
476 A.D.- Western Roman Empire falls

Questions
1)
Republic-Government in which power rests with the citizens

Patrician-Wealthy landowners that held the most power

Plebian-Common people  like farmers and artisans that made up the majority of the population

Tribune-Protected rights of the plebians from unfair acts of the patricians

consul-Two officials that were like kings and demanded the army, directed the government but had limited power. One year term

Senate-Aristocratic branch of the government. Both legislative and judicial branches. 300 members

Dictator-Leader who had absolute power over everything

Legion-Roman soldiers were organized into large units called legions. One legion consisted of 5,000 soldiers.

Punic wars-Battles between Rome and Carthage for Italy and the Mediterranean. First was between 264 B.C. and 241 B.C. and Rome won. The next was started in 218 B.C. when Hannibal invaded Italy.

Hannibal-Brilliant military strategist that wanted to revenge Carthage's latest defeat.

3) Consuls could overrule and veto the decisions of the other. They could only have a term of one year and couldn't be reelected for ten years. They commanded the army and directed the government as well.

2)The early republic was the key characteristic because that was the forming of a new government that was going to be equal for all. It also set the path for the future of Rome while under the republic. It divided government into parts, set laws, and was fair.

4) The twelve tables were the first set of laws established in Rome. Those laws set the blueprint for the creation of more and for the government. It also gave the plebians protection and all other free citizens as well.

5) Instead of going straight at them, he trekked along Spain to France, over the alps and then attacked them on the Italian peninsula. He lost more than half of his men and all of his elephants due to this trip.